Samuel Koch had been attempting a daredevil stunt on Wetten Dass – which involved leaping over a moving car driven by his father.
But, according to a report by The Sun, he misjudged the jump and smashed his face on the floor while the audience looked on in shock.
Sixteen-year-old Bieber took to Twitter, urging his fans: "Please pray for Samuel Koch & his family as we wait and hope for his health and safety."
He added that although he was disappointed about the change of plan, "some things are more important than putting on a show".
Koch underwent emergency surgery for multiple fractures to his back. His condition is described by doctors as "extremely critical" but not life-threatening.